From ethnic programs and policies, Cao Bang province has paid attention to supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minorities. However, for many reasons, residential land and production land are still urgent needs of a part of ethnic minorities. To fundamentally address the needs of the people, and at the same time to concretize the new regulations of the 2024 Land Law, the Cao Bang People's Committee has developed and submitted to the Provincial People's Council a Resolution regulating land policies for ethnic minorities in the province. On the afternoon of October 30, the Central Working Group led by Deputy Head of the Central Committee for Mass Mobilization Trieu Tai Vinh had a working session on the 5-year review of the implementation of Conclusion No. 65-KL/TW, dated October 30, 2019 of the Politburo on continuing to implement Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW, dated March 13, 2003 of the Central Executive Committee (Term IX) on ethnic work in the new situation in Con Cuong district (Nghe An). Attending the Working Group, on the side of the Ethnic Minorities Committee (EC), there was Deputy Minister, Vice Chairman Y Thong. On the side of Nghe An province, there were Deputy Head of the Provincial Party Committee's Mass Mobilization Commission Phan Thanh Doai, Deputy Head of the Ethnic Affairs Commission Luong Van Khanh and members of the Delegation. On October 30, in Hanoi, General Secretary To Lam, Head of the Central Steering Committee on Anti-Corruption, Wastefulness and Negativity, chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Central Steering Committee on Anti-Corruption, Wastefulness and Negativity to discuss and give opinions on the situation and results of handling corruption and negativity cases and incidents since the 26th Session to date and the policy of handling a number of cases and incidents under the supervision and direction of the Steering Committee. On the afternoon of October 30, local time, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh attended the opening ceremony of the FPT Group's Middle East headquarters located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and witnessed the handover ceremony of the memorandum of understanding on cooperation between FPT and THIQAH Company. The summary news of the Ethnic Affairs and Development Newspaper, on October 30, had the following notable information: After storm No. 3, Quang Ninh continues to face the risk of major forest fires. Flood season in the Muong Lay highlands. Unique rice offering ceremony of the San Diu people in Dong Hy. Along with other news in ethnic minority and mountainous areas. On the afternoon of October 30, the Central Working Group led by Deputy Head of the Central Committee for Mass Mobilization Trieu Tai Vinh had a working session on the 5-year review of the implementation of Conclusion No. 65-KL/TW, dated October 30, 2019 of the Politburo on continuing to implement Resolution No. 24-NQ/TW, dated March 13, 2003 of the Central Executive Committee (Term IX) on ethnic work in the new situation in Con Cuong district (Nghe An). Attending the Working Group, on the side of the Ethnic Minorities Committee (UBDT), there was Deputy Minister, Vice Chairman Y Thong. On the side of Nghe An province, there were Deputy Head of the Provincial Party Committee's Mass Mobilization Commission Phan Thanh Doai, Deputy Head of the Ethnic Minorities Commission Luong Van Khanh and members of the Delegation. Deputy Prime Minister Le Thanh Long has just signed Decision No. 1280/QD-TTg dated October 28, 2024 promulgating the Plan to implement Conclusion No. 86-KL/TW dated July 10, 2024 of the Secretariat on the development of Vietnamese Traditional Medicine and the Vietnam Oriental Medicine Association in the new period. Forest protection, forest fire prevention and fighting (PCCCR) has always been identified as a regular and important task of Party committees at all levels, the political system and each citizen. In order to effectively carry out the above tasks, in recent times, the Forest Protection Department of Tuyen Quang province has always proactively implemented many solutions to improve the effectiveness of forest management, protection, and forest fire prevention and fighting. The summary news of the Ethnic Minorities and Development Newspaper, dated October 29, has the following notable information: Quang Binh suffered serious damage due to floods. "Touch Sa Pa - Touch the clouds in 2024". Khmer ethnic female artisan revives the craft village. Along with other news in ethnic minority and mountainous areas. On October 30, information from the People's Committee of Quang Nam province said that the province has just issued a plan to organize the International Ngoc Linh Ginseng (Vietnamese Ginseng) Festival in Quang Nam province in 2025. On the morning of October 30, in the city. Phan Rang - Thap Cham, the Steering Committee of the Campaign "Vietnamese people prioritize using Vietnamese goods" in Ninh Thuan province organized the Forum "Listening to the voices of businesses and distributors of Vietnamese goods", in 2024. Ms. Nguyen Thi Xuan Cuong, Vice Chairman of the People's Committee of Thuan Nam district (Ninh Thuan province) said that in 2024, the capital source of the National Target Program for Socio-Economic Development in Ethnic Minorities and Mountainous Areas for the period 2021-2030 (National Target Program 1719) supported the locality with 9,319 million VND to implement projects and sub-projects in the district. With the capital transferred from 2022 and 2023 to 2024, the total investment capital for the Program is more than 25,957 million VND. With the goal of applying information technology to develop a smart tourism ecosystem, the tourism industry of Quang Ngai province has proactively applied many digital technologies to develop sustainable tourism. Tourism has always been identified as a key economic sector of Lao Cai province; however, due to the impact of storm No. 3, this economic sector is currently facing many difficulties. In that situation, all levels, sectors and enterprises in Lao Cai province have had many positive and flexible solutions to restore tourism after floods.
From many ethnic programs and policies, ethnic minorities in Cao Bang province who have a need for residential land and production land have been given attention and support, thereby stabilizing their lives and gradually increasing their income. This is a basic condition for the province to effectively implement the field of ethnic work, creating a foundation to complete the goals and targets in the National Target Program on Socio-Economic Development of Ethnic Minorities and Mountainous Areas for the period 2021 - 2030 (National Target Program 1719).
Efforts to address needs
In recent years, Cao Bang has been allocated capital from the central budget to implement many ethnic programs and policies to invest in socio-economic development in ethnic minority and mountainous areas, supporting the resolution of urgent needs in the lives of ethnic minorities. In particular, the policy of supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minorities has been implemented by the province for many years.
According to Mr. Be Van Hung, Head of the Ethnic Minorities Committee of Cao Bang province, nearly 95% of the province's population are ethnic minorities; most of the communes, wards and towns in the province have extremely difficult socio-economic conditions. Life mainly depends on agricultural and forestry production, so land plays an important role for ethnic minorities here.
“Therefore, the effective implementation of the policy of supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minority households in the area with urgent needs is of special importance, not only contributing to poverty reduction and improving the lives of ethnic minorities but also having significance for the goal of stabilizing the population, limiting spontaneous migration, and ensuring security and order in the province's ethnic minority areas,” said Mr. Hung.
According to data from the Cao Bang Provincial Ethnic Committee, from 2015 onwards, localities in the province have actively implemented policies to support residential land and production land for ethnic minorities. In particular, the period 2013 - 2015 was implemented according to Decision No. 755/2013/QD-TTg; the period 2009 - 2013 was implemented according to Decision 1592/2009/QD-TTg; from 2009 onwards, it was implemented according to Decision No. 134/2004/QD-TTg...
In the period of 2016 - 2020, the policy of supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minority households in the province was implemented according to Decision 2085/QD-TTg dated October 31, 2016 of the Prime Minister. The review process to implement Decision 2085/QD-TTg showed that the whole province has more than 960 ethnic minority households in need of support for residential land, over 3,660 households in need of support for production land.
From 2021 to present, implementing Project 1 under the National Target Program 1719, Cao Bang province continues to implement the policy of supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minority households in urgent need. In Plan No. 2015/KH-UBND dated August 8, 2022 of the Cao Bang Provincial People's Committee on implementing the National Target Program 1719, the province strives to support 360 households with residential land and 1,167 households with production land during the 2021 - 2025 period. The Provincial People's Committee assigned the Department of Natural Resources and Environment to preside over and coordinate with the Ethnic Minorities Committee and related departments, branches, and localities to implement the policy.
Flexible support options
Since Decision No. 134/2004/QD-TTg, the policy of supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minorities in Cao Bang province has been implemented for 20 years. Many households with urgent needs have been resolved, but the situation of lack (or absence) of residential land and production land in the province's ethnic minority areas has not been completely resolved.
According to Be Van Hung, Head of the Cao Bang Province Ethnic Minorities Committee, although Cao Bang Province has a large natural land area, its terrain is mainly mountainous, with steep slopes, and very little land for production. In addition, the province does not have a public land fund, or does not have enough conditions for people to use land to develop production and livestock.
“At this time, implementing the policy of supporting residential land and production land under Project 1 of the National Target Program 1719, although Decree 38/2023/ND-CP of the Government has removed the content and mechanism, the province has not been able to implement the policy due to the province's ability to balance the public land fund and the purpose of reclamation, improvement and improvement of land use coefficient to allocate to the people is not available,” Mr. Hung shared.
This reality shows the difficulties of Cao Bang province in implementing the policy of supporting residential land and production land for ethnic minorities, not only in the National Target Program 1719 but also in previous periods. For example, in the period 2004 - 2009, implementing Decision 134/2004/QD-TTg, the province supported 506 households lacking residential land, only reaching 10.7% of the planned number of households; supported 810 households lacking production land, only reaching 12.3% of the planned number of households...
From these difficult realities, in recent times, Cao Bang province has been flexible in implementing policies to support residential land and production land for ethnic minorities. In addition to mobilizing communities, brothers, and clans to help each other with residential land and production land; reclaiming and improving some areas of upland and hilly land to create land funds for people, the province has actively mobilized households in need to switch to receiving support for career conversion or support for purchasing agricultural tools, machinery, etc.
Regarding the National Target Program 1719, according to Report No. 111/BC-UBND dated May 13, 2024 of the People's Committee of Cao Bang province, implementing Circular 02/2023/TT-UBDT dated August 21, 2023 of the Minister, Chairman of the Ethnic Committee, the content of support for production land and job conversion has been transferred by localities in the province to support the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools (plows, rice threshers, etc.). As of May 2024, 66 households have been purchased, and it is expected that in 2024, support will be provided to over 613 households in need.
Along with other ethnic programs and policies, support for residential land and production land (including conversion to job conversion, purchase of machinery and agricultural tools) has contributed to raising the income of ethnic minorities in the province.
By the end of 2023, the average income per capita of Cao Bang province will reach 41.1 million VND/person, an increase of 5 million VND/person compared to 2020 (expected to increase to 46.98 million VND/person by the end of 2024); the poverty rate in the 2021-2023 period of the province will decrease by 4%/year or more, meeting the target of the National Target Program 1719.
Although Cao Bang has achieved important achievements in poverty reduction and income improvement for ethnic minorities, it is still a locality with a high poverty rate; including many poor and near-poor households due to lack of residential land and production land.
Lesson 2: Many difficulties due to lack of land fund
Source: https://baodantoc.vn/giai-quyet-nhu-cau-dat-o-dat-san-xuat-cho-dong-bao-dtts-o-cao-bang-nhung-ket-qua-tich-cuc-bai-1-1730283327239.htm
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